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CBD Extraction Process from Industrial Hemp
Release time:
2024-07-02 13:54
The process of extracting CBD (Cannabidiol) from industrial hemp typically involves several key steps, the following is a clear, detailed process summarized with relevant information from the article:
I. Raw material preparation
Selection of industrial hemp: Select industrial hemp varieties with a THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) content of less than 0.3%, ensuring a high CBD content and no psychoactive properties.
Harvesting and drying: The cannabis flowers and leaves are harvested and dried to reduce the moisture content to between 3% and 5% to minimize the effects of moisture in subsequent processing.
Crushing: The dried flowers and leaves are crushed, usually to about 50~200 mesh, in order to increase the contact area with the extraction solvent and improve the extraction efficiency.
Second, the extraction process
Solvent extraction method
Soaking: the crushed flowers and leaves with organic solvents (such as ethanol) for soaking, mixing for a few minutes so that the solvent fully dissolved in the plant CBD and other extracts.
Filtration: The soaked mixture is filtered to separate the filtrate containing CBD.
Concentration: The filtrate is heated and concentrated, and the solvent is evaporated to obtain a CBD-rich extract.
Supercritical CO2 extraction method
Preparation of supercritical CO2: CO2 is prepared in a compression chamber by lowering the temperature below -69°F and increasing the pressure above 75 psi to convert the CO2 to a liquid.
Supercritical State: Continue to increase the temperature and pressure to change the liquid CO2 to a supercritical state with liquid-like density and gas-like diffusivity.
Extraction: Supercritical CO2 is brought into contact with crushed foliage. At a specific temperature and pressure, the CO2 dissolves and extracts the CBD from the plant.
Separation: Supercritical CO2 containing CBD is fed into a low-pressure separator chamber, where the pressure and temperature are lowered to separate the CBD from the CO2.
Recovery: The CO2 is recovered to a storage tank while the CBD oil is drained from the separator.
Olive oil extraction method (suitable for home-made)
Heat Activation: Heat the plant at a specific temperature (e.g. 248°F for 60 minutes or 284°F for 30 minutes) for a period of time to activate the chemicals in it.
Mixed extraction: Add the heated plant material to olive oil, heat it to 100°C and keep it for 1~2 hours to extract and get CBD oil.
Third, purification and post-treatment
Chromatographic purification: For CBD extract or oil obtained by solvent extraction and supercritical CO2 extraction, chromatographic purification is usually required to remove impurities. Commonly used packing materials for chromatographic columns include silica gel, large pore adsorption resin, etc., and the purification of CBD is realized through the elution effect of different solvents.
Evaporation and Concentration: The purified CBD solution needs to be evaporated and concentrated to remove the solvent and obtain high purity CBD oil or solid.
Storage and Packaging: Store the purified CBD product in a cool, light-proof environment and use it as soon as possible to avoid deterioration. At the same time, suitable packaging is carried out to ensure the quality and safety of the product.
Summary
The extraction process of CBD from industrial hemp includes three main stages: raw material preparation, extraction process, purification and post-treatment. Among them, the extraction process is one of the key steps, and the commonly used methods include solvent extraction, supercritical CO2 extraction and olive oil extraction. Different extraction methods have their own advantages and disadvantages, and the selection should be based on the actual demand, equipment conditions and cost and other factors for comprehensive consideration. Meanwhile, the purification and post-treatment steps are also crucial for improving the purity and quality of CBD products.
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2024/02/29
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